This type of aberration occurs when the primary colors of red, green, and blue separate and converge near the sensor at different locations.

The type of aberration described in the question is chromatic aberration. This phenomenon occurs due to the different wavelengths of light being refracted by lens elements in varying amounts, leading to the primary colors of red, green, and blue not converging at the same point. As a result, when light passes through a lens, the inability of the lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point causes color fringes, and images may appear blurry or have color distortions at the edges.

In essence, chromatic aberration is particularly noticeable in high-contrast situations, such as when capturing scenes with dark and light areas next to each other. This problem is often addressed through various means, such as using aspheric lenses or specialized optical coatings in lens design, to help minimize the separation of colors and ensure better focus across the image.

Spherical aberration, barrel distortion, and pincushion distortion describe different optical issues. Spherical aberration happens when light rays passing through the edges of a spherical lens do not converge at the same point as those passing near the center. Barrel distortion refers to the image being bulged outward, while pincushion distortion causes the image to pinch inward. Each of these aberrations influences image quality in different ways