What term refers to bright spots visible underwater caused by flash photography?

The term that describes bright spots visible underwater, particularly from flash photography, is backscatter. Backscatter occurs when particles, such as sand, plankton, or other debris, reflect the light from your flash back to the camera, creating those bright spots or haze in the image. This phenomenon is especially common in underwater photography because the flash light can illuminate suspended particles in the water, which scatter the light and produce unintended highlights in the photograph.

Understanding backscatter is crucial for underwater photographers, as it can detract from the overall quality of the image and may require specific techniques or settings to minimize its effects. Adjusting the angle of the flash, moving closer to the subject, or using filters can help reduce backscatter, allowing for clearer and more vibrant photos.